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Pecherskyi District ((ウクライナ語:Печерський район)) is an urban district of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It line within the eponymous historical neighborhood, while also including some other historical areas. The Pechersk ((ウクライナ語:Печерськ, ''Pechers'k'')) neighborhood is located on the hills adjoining the right bank of the Dnieper River. The two geographic entities are often confused together. The Pecherskyi District can be considered as the very heart of Ukraine. == History == Pechersk is one of the most important cultural areas of Kiev, the location of the legendary Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Kiev Monastery of the Caves), from which it received its name (''Pechera'' is the Ukrainian for "cave"). The settlement near the ''Lavra'' has formed sometime in the 12th century. It was reformed out of the historical Berestiv royal estate (Kniazhe selo) that was adjacent to the Kiev Golden Gates (Zoloti Vorota). ''Beresta'' is a local name of the bark of a birch tree which at that time was utilized in making of shoes as well as used as a writing medium. The settlement was renamed into the town of Pechersk sometime in the 16th-17th centuries. In 18th century through mid-20th century Pechersk as a settlement became the administrative center of Kiev city when there was erected the Old Kiev fortress which has been a major military stronghold of the Russian Empire and later Soviet Union. Because of that new neighborhoods and areas were added to its direct administration. When in the 1840s, the New Kiev fortress was built Pechersk incorporated the settlement of ''Vasylkivska Rohatka'' (Vasylkiv's Fork) that was founded in 1706. The Vasylkiv's Fork was located in the vicinity of Citadel street where the Vasylkiv's gates once stood (today's address at 3 Citadel street). In January 1918 the neighborhood was the center of the Arsenal Factory Uprising which later after its extinguishing led to defeat of the Ukrainian National Forces surrendering the city of Kiev to the Russian Soviet forces which were led by Colonel Mikhail Muraviov. The rebellion gave the name to one of the streets in the neighborhood during the Soviet times to give the impression of pride for the support of the Bolshevik regime. Later many administrative, educational, research and cultural institutions were founded in the neighborhood, such as the Central Election Commission, two universities and several theaters. Many important streets run across the district such as Bank Street (also known as Bankova) where the Presidential Administration of Ukraine is located; Khreschatyk Street or simply Kreschatyk which is widely associative with the downtown of Kiev; and many others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pecherskyi District」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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